Bhutan

Economy

• GDP

  : 3.6 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita

  : 4493 $ (2025)

• GDP growth

  : 8.0 % (2025)

• GDP, PPP

  : 15.6 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita, PPP

  : 19594 $ (2025)

• Price level (relative cost of living)

  : 0.24 (2023)

• Inflation

  : 3.6 % (2025)

• Unemployment

  : 3.2 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 17.1 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 31.5 % (2024)

• Imports

  : 47.9 % (2024)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : -547.9 M$ (2024)

• Current account balance

  : -19.4 % (2024)

• Total reserves

  : 1.2 B$ (2025)

• Foreign direct investment

  : 0.1 % (2024)

• Poverty rate

  : 0.0 % (2022)

• Agriculture

  : 13.7 % (2025)

• Industry

  : 33.2 % (2025)

• Services

  : 53.2 % (2025)

• Remittances received

  : 3.3 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 796 682 (2025)

• Population growth

  : 0.6 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : 455.0 (2025)

• Population density

  : 20.6 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 73.3 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 1.45 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 12.5 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 6.07 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 43.4 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 56.6 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 411 263 (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 1.9 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 38.6 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 46.6 % (2025)

• Refugee population hosted

  : 3 000 (1966)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 5.8 % (2023)

• Health expenditure

  : 4.4 % (2023)

• Gini index

  : 28.5 (2022)

• Internet users

  : 91.3 % (2024)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 99.8 (2024)

• Access to electricity

  : 100.0 % (2024)

• Access to basic drinking water

  : 99.5 % (2024)

• Median income

  : 16 $ (2022)

• Income share of the top 10%

  : 22.7 % (2022)

• Primary school completion

  : 93.6 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 5.8 yrs (2023)

• Harmonised learning outcomes

  : 386.7 (2020)

• Bank account ownership

  : 29.2 % (2014)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 65.7 % (2025)

• Gender pay gap

  : -0.6 % (2022)

Defense

• Armed forces personnel

  : 6 000 (2000)

• Battle-related deaths

  : 4.00 (1997)

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 2.01 (2024)

• Renewable energy

  : 82.5 % (2022)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 100.0 % (2021)

• Energy consumption

  : 359.5 (2007)

• Forest area

  : 71.6 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 19.0 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 5.00 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 28.0 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from gas

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 100.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from solar

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from wind

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 3.18 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 2.5 M (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 24.7 (2024)

• Tree cover loss

  : 3 446 (2025)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 2 725 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 98.0 % (2024)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 97.0 % (2024)

• Under-five mortality

  : 17.2 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 47.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 15.9 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 43.0 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 15.6 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 12.0 % (2024)

• Smoking prevalence, adults (age-standardized)

  : 19.6 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 69.0 (2023)

• HIV prevalence (ages 15-49)

  : 0.2 % (2024)

• Physicians

  : 0.55 (2022)

• Hospital beds

  : 2.16 (2023)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 8.71 (2024)

Public finances

• Government expenditure

  : 24.1 % (2020)

• Fiscal balance

  : -2.5 % (2020)

• General government debt

  : 127.3 % (2022)

• Primary balance

  : -6.0 % (2022)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : 1.47 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : 0.58 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 2.47 (2020)

• Political stability

  : 1.35 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : 0.79 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -0.09 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : 0.40 (2024)

• Political regime

  : 2.00 (2025)

• Free and fair elections

  : 1.00 (2025)

Business

• Investment (gross fixed capital formation)

  : 42.1 % (2024)

• New business density

  : 0.07 (2022)

• Credit to the private sector

  : 71.7 % (2020)

• Non-performing bank loans

  : 8.4 % (2019)

• Inward foreign direct investment (amount)

  : 2.8 M$ (2024)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 53.8 % (2024)

• Gross national savings

  : 22.9 % (2024)

Well-being

• Self-reported life satisfaction

  : 5.08 (2018)