Cuba

Economy

• GDP

  : 107.4 B$ (2020)

• GDP per capita

  : 9605 $ (2020)

• GDP growth

  : -1.1 % (2024)

• Unemployment

  : 1.7 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 4.3 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 42.5 % (2024)

• Imports

  : 82.4 % (2024)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : 702.0 M$ (2020)

• Total reserves

  : 144.0 M$ (1960)

• Agriculture

  : 1.2 % (2024)

• Industry

  : 23.8 % (2024)

• Services

  : 73.4 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 10.9 M (2025)

• Population growth

  : -0.4 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : -22 244 (2025)

• Population density

  : 106.2 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 78.3 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 1.45 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 8.62 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 10.4 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 77.2 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 22.8 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 4.9 M (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 0.4 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 46.4 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 50.7 % (2025)

• Refugee population hosted

  : 130.0 (2024)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 8.4 % (2022)

• Health expenditure

  : 9.4 % (2023)

• Internet users

  : 70.5 % (2024)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 72.9 (2024)

• Access to electricity

  : 100.0 % (2024)

• Access to basic drinking water

  : 95.1 % (2024)

• Primary school completion

  : 99.5 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 10.6 yrs (2023)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 54.2 % (2025)

Defense

• Armed forces personnel

  : 76 000 (2020)

• Military expenditure

  : 2.9 % (2018)

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 1.91 (2024)

• Renewable energy

  : 20.9 % (2021)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 4.8 % (2021)

• Energy consumption

  : 775.8 (2023)

• Forest area

  : 31.2 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 17.0 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 66.0 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 10.0 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from gas

  : 13.6 % (2024)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 0.6 % (2024)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from solar

  : 1.2 % (2024)

• Electricity from wind

  : 0.4 % (2024)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 2.78 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 30.6 M (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 9.90 (2024)

• Tree cover loss

  : 27 997 (2025)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 3 242 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 99.0 % (2024)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 99.0 % (2024)

• Under-five mortality

  : 8.60 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 35.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 17.6 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 39.5 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 24.9 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 9.4 % (2024)

• Smoking prevalence, adults (age-standardized)

  : 16.1 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 86.0 (2023)

• HIV prevalence (ages 15-49)

  : 0.6 % (2024)

• Physicians

  : 9.54 (2021)

• Hospital beds

  : 4.33 (2023)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 48.2 (2024)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : -0.23 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : -0.27 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 4.46 (2019)

• Political stability

  : 0.32 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : -0.62 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -1.44 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : -1.27 (2024)

• Political regime

  : 0.0 (2025)

• Free and fair elections

  : 0.0 (2025)

Business

• Investment (gross fixed capital formation)

  : 12.8 % (2024)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 90.9 % (2024)

Well-being

• Self-reported life satisfaction

  : 5.42 (2011)