Malawi

Economy

• GDP

  : 14.9 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita

  : 672 $ (2025)

• GDP growth

  : 1.9 % (2025)

• GDP, PPP

  : 42.2 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita, PPP

  : 1899 $ (2025)

• Price level (relative cost of living)

  : 0.28 (2024)

• Inflation

  : 28.4 % (2025)

• Unemployment

  : 5.1 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 6.9 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 10.6 % (2025)

• Imports

  : 28.8 % (2025)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : -2.7 B$ (2025)

• Current account balance

  : -18.8 % (2024)

• Total reserves

  : 594.5 M$ (2020)

• Foreign direct investment

  : 2.3 % (2024)

• Poverty rate

  : 75.4 % (2019)

• Agriculture

  : 30.0 % (2025)

• Industry

  : 14.3 % (2025)

• Services

  : 48.7 % (2025)

• Remittances received

  : 1.7 % (2024)

• Outward foreign direct investment

  : 0.5 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 22.2 M (2025)

• Population growth

  : 2.6 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : -5 628 (2025)

• Population density

  : 223.8 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 67.6 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 3.59 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 31.1 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 5.29 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 17.6 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 82.4 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 8.3 M (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 3.0 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 78.3 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 51.2 % (2025)

• Refugee population hosted

  : 35 510 (2024)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 2.7 % (2022)

• Health expenditure

  : 6.5 % (2023)

• Gini index

  : 38.5 (2019)

• Internet users

  : 19.0 % (2024)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 69.3 (2024)

• Access to electricity

  : 15.6 % (2024)

• Access to basic drinking water

  : 73.1 % (2024)

• Median income

  : 2 $ (2019)

• Income share of the top 10%

  : 31.0 % (2019)

• Primary school completion

  : 57.7 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 5.2 yrs (2023)

• Harmonised learning outcomes

  : 359.5 (2020)

• Bank account ownership

  : 9.3 % (2024)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 58.1 % (2025)

• Gender pay gap

  : 18.8 % (2013)

Defense

• Armed forces personnel

  : 15 000 (2020)

• Military expenditure

  : 1.0 % (2024)

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 0.22 (2024)

• CO₂ (consumption-based) per capita

  : 0.14 (2022)

• Renewable energy

  : 62.9 % (2022)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 80.1 % (2021)

• Forest area

  : 22.4 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 20.0 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 37.0 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 10.0 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from gas

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 92.3 % (2024)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from solar

  : 0.6 % (2024)

• Electricity from wind

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 0.28 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 6.1 M (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 21.8 (2024)

• Tree cover loss

  : 17 964 (2025)

• Renewables regulatory framework (RISE)

  : 38.0 (2023)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 2 242 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 91.0 % (2024)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 89.0 % (2024)

• Under-five mortality

  : 48.8 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 225.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 24.9 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 31.6 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 11.8 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 5.7 % (2024)

• Smoking prevalence, adults (age-standardized)

  : 8.9 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 52.0 (2023)

• HIV prevalence (ages 15-49)

  : 6.2 % (2024)

• Physicians

  : 0.05 (2022)

• Hospital beds

  : 1.30 (2011)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 113.3 (2024)

Public finances

• Government expenditure

  : 20.2 % (2022)

• Fiscal balance

  : -11.8 % (2024)

• General government debt

  : 75.2 % (2022)

• Primary balance

  : -4.6 % (2022)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : -0.65 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : -0.73 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 1.78 (2012)

• Political stability

  : -0.38 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : -0.15 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -0.58 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : -0.11 (2024)

• Political regime

  : 2.00 (2025)

• Free and fair elections

  : 1.00 (2025)

Business

• New business density

  : 0.09 (2009)

• Credit to the private sector

  : 10.5 % (2016)

• Non-performing bank loans

  : 5.4 % (2020)

• Inward foreign direct investment (amount)

  : 258.0 M$ (2024)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 84.1 % (2025)

• Gross national savings

  : -2.0 % (2024)

Well-being

• Self-reported life satisfaction

  : 3.28 (2025)