Nicaragua

Economy

• GDP

  : 22.2 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita

  : 3173 $ (2025)

• GDP growth

  : 4.9 % (2025)

• GDP, PPP

  : 65.1 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita, PPP

  : 9284 $ (2025)

• Price level (relative cost of living)

  : 0.33 (2024)

• Inflation

  : 2.1 % (2025)

• Unemployment

  : 5.0 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 9.5 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 41.6 % (2025)

• Imports

  : 54.9 % (2025)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : -2.9 B$ (2025)

• Current account balance

  : 4.2 % (2024)

• Total reserves

  : 8.3 B$ (2025)

• Foreign direct investment

  : 6.9 % (2024)

• Poverty rate

  : 6.6 % (2014)

• Agriculture

  : 14.5 % (2025)

• Industry

  : 29.3 % (2025)

• Services

  : 45.2 % (2025)

• Remittances received

  : 26.6 % (2024)

• Outward foreign direct investment

  : 0.4 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 7.0 M (2025)

• Population growth

  : 1.3 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : -8 371 (2025)

• Population density

  : 56.7 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 75.1 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 2.21 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 19.1 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 4.64 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 59.4 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 40.6 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 3.3 M (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 1.2 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 52.9 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 50.8 % (2025)

• Refugee population hosted

  : 311.0 (2023)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 2.9 % (2023)

• Health expenditure

  : 8.3 % (2023)

• Gini index

  : 46.2 (2014)

• Internet users

  : 61.4 % (2024)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 106.0 (2024)

• Access to electricity

  : 88.7 % (2024)

• Median income

  : 9 $ (2014)

• Income share of the top 10%

  : 37.2 % (2014)

• Primary school completion

  : 77.7 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 9.9 yrs (2023)

• Harmonised learning outcomes

  : 392.0 (2020)

• Bank account ownership

  : 12.3 % (2024)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 59.8 % (2025)

• Gender pay gap

  : 0.9 % (2012)

Defense

• Armed forces personnel

  : 12 000 (2020)

• Military expenditure

  : 0.5 % (2024)

• Battle-related deaths

  : 39.0 (1990)

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 0.83 (2024)

• CO₂ (consumption-based) per capita

  : 1.01 (2022)

• Renewable energy

  : 50.4 % (2021)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 69.5 % (2021)

• Energy consumption

  : 632.8 (2023)

• Forest area

  : 25.8 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 19.0 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 97.0 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 9.00 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from gas

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 14.4 % (2024)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from solar

  : 0.7 % (2024)

• Electricity from wind

  : 12.4 % (2024)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 1.13 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 7.8 M (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 20.5 (2024)

• Tree cover loss

  : 59 156 (2025)

• Renewables regulatory framework (RISE)

  : 35.9 (2023)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 3 408 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 89.0 % (2023)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 85.0 % (2023)

• Under-five mortality

  : 11.2 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 60.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 12.6 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 36.9 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 38.8 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 10.4 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 70.0 (2023)

• Physicians

  : 0.68 (2018)

• Hospital beds

  : 0.97 (2022)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 93.2 (2024)

Public finances

• Government expenditure

  : 16.3 % (2023)

• Fiscal balance

  : 2.3 % (2024)

• General government debt

  : 43.9 % (2022)

• Primary balance

  : 2.1 % (2022)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : -1.43 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : -1.05 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 11.3 (2021)

• Political stability

  : -0.07 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : -1.62 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -0.99 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : -1.72 (2024)

• Political regime

  : 1.00 (2025)

• Free and fair elections

  : 0.0 (2025)

Business

• Investment (gross fixed capital formation)

  : 24.6 % (2025)

• Credit to the private sector

  : 30.1 % (2020)

• Non-performing bank loans

  : 5.2 % (2000)

• Inward foreign direct investment (amount)

  : 1.4 B$ (2024)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 76.1 % (2025)

• Gross national savings

  : 28.5 % (2024)

Well-being

• Self-reported life satisfaction

  : 6.30 (2025)