São Tomé and Príncipe

Economy

• GDP

  : 981.3 M$ (2025)

• GDP per capita

  : 4084 $ (2025)

• GDP growth

  : 1.0 % (2025)

• GDP, PPP

  : 1.5 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita, PPP

  : 6388 $ (2025)

• Price level (relative cost of living)

  : 0.56 (2024)

• Inflation

  : 11.0 % (2025)

• Unemployment

  : 9.1 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 8.8 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 13.3 % (2025)

• Imports

  : 33.3 % (2025)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : -196.7 M$ (2025)

• Current account balance

  : 5.0 % (2024)

• Total reserves

  : 58.8 M$ (2024)

• Foreign direct investment

  : -2.0 % (2024)

• Poverty rate

  : 13.0 % (2017)

• Agriculture

  : 12.2 % (2025)

• Industry

  : 2.2 % (2025)

• Services

  : 81.4 % (2025)

• Remittances received

  : 9.7 % (2024)

• Outward foreign direct investment

  : 0.5 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 240 254 (2025)

• Population growth

  : 2.0 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : -650.0 (2025)

• Population density

  : 240.5 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 69.9 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 3.60 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 28.1 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 5.53 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 69.2 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 30.8 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 35 075 (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 1.1 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 72.9 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 50.3 % (2025)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 5.0 % (2023)

• Health expenditure

  : 5.8 % (2023)

• Gini index

  : 40.7 (2017)

• Internet users

  : 59.1 % (2024)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 62.4 (2024)

• Access to electricity

  : 77.7 % (2024)

• Access to basic drinking water

  : 78.0 % (2024)

• Median income

  : 6 $ (2017)

• Income share of the top 10%

  : 32.8 % (2017)

• Primary school completion

  : 93.7 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 6.0 yrs (2023)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 31.4 % (2025)

Defense

• Armed forces personnel

  : 1 000 (1999)

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 0.63 (2024)

• Renewable energy

  : 42.5 % (2022)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 6.1 % (2021)

• Energy consumption

  : 259.3 (2007)

• Forest area

  : 52.1 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 12.0 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 38.0 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 4.00 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2023)

• Electricity from gas

  : 0.0 % (2023)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 11.1 % (2023)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2023)

• Electricity from solar

  : 0.0 % (2023)

• Electricity from wind

  : 0.0 % (2023)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 0.92 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 216 055 (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 15.6 (2024)

• Tree cover loss

  : 77.2 (2001)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 51.9 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 87.0 % (2024)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 87.0 % (2024)

• Under-five mortality

  : 13.6 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 75.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 19.5 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 48.0 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 23.3 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 12.1 % (2024)

• Smoking prevalence, adults (age-standardized)

  : 8.3 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 60.0 (2023)

• Physicians

  : 0.46 (2022)

• Hospital beds

  : 2.91 (2019)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 85.2 (2024)

Public finances

• General government debt

  : 77.7 % (2022)

• Primary balance

  : -1.7 % (2022)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : 0.18 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : -0.72 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 3.23 (2011)

• Political stability

  : 0.49 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : -0.35 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -0.89 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : 0.16 (2024)

• Political regime

  : 2.00 (2025)

• Free and fair elections

  : 1.00 (2025)

Business

• Investment (gross fixed capital formation)

  : 8.7 % (2025)

• New business density

  : 2.19 (2020)

• Credit to the private sector

  : 19.8 % (2020)

• Inward foreign direct investment (amount)

  : -16.7 M$ (2024)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 101.0 % (2025)

• Gross national savings

  : 9.0 % (2024)