Timor-Leste

Economy

• GDP

  : 1.9 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita

  : 1341 $ (2025)

• GDP growth

  : 7.0 % (2025)

• GDP, PPP

  : 6.8 B$ (2025)

• GDP per capita, PPP

  : 4809 $ (2025)

• Price level (relative cost of living)

  : 0.30 (2024)

• Inflation

  : 0.4 % (2025)

• Unemployment

  : 1.6 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 3.7 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 10.6 % (2024)

• Imports

  : 84.9 % (2024)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : -1.4 B$ (2024)

• Current account balance

  : -36.9 % (2025)

• Total reserves

  : 850.6 M$ (2025)

• Foreign direct investment

  : 13.3 % (2025)

• Poverty rate

  : 44.0 % (2014)

• Agriculture

  : 20.2 % (2024)

• Industry

  : 11.8 % (2024)

• Services

  : 71.6 % (2024)

• Remittances received

  : 10.0 % (2025)

• Outward foreign direct investment

  : 0.2 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 1.4 M (2025)

• Population growth

  : 1.3 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : -2 550 (2025)

• Population density

  : 93.1 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 67.9 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 2.63 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 21.8 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 7.22 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 28.8 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 71.2 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 635 489 (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 3.8 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 65.5 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 49.6 % (2025)

• Refugee population hosted

  : 0.0 (2015)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 5.2 % (2023)

• Health expenditure

  : 9.6 % (2023)

• Gini index

  : 28.7 (2014)

• Internet users

  : 35.0 % (2021)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 116.4 (2024)

• Access to electricity

  : 94.3 % (2024)

• Access to basic drinking water

  : 87.3 % (2024)

• Median income

  : 3 $ (2014)

• Income share of the top 10%

  : 24.0 % (2014)

• Primary school completion

  : 82.1 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 6.2 yrs (2023)

• Harmonised learning outcomes

  : 371.4 (2020)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 41.7 % (2025)

• Gender pay gap

  : -16.6 % (2021)

Defense

• Armed forces personnel

  : 2 000 (2020)

• Military expenditure

  : 2.7 % (2024)

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 0.50 (2024)

• Renewable energy

  : 11.4 % (2022)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 0.4 % (2021)

• Energy consumption

  : 60.7 (2007)

• Forest area

  : 61.7 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 7.00 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 34.0 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 6.00 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from gas

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from solar

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from wind

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 0.67 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 938 105 (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 10.8 (2024)

• Tree cover loss

  : 990.7 (2025)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 921.1 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 83.0 % (2024)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 72.0 % (2024)

• Under-five mortality

  : 47.6 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 192.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 20.1 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 36.7 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 3.2 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 3.2 % (2024)

• Smoking prevalence, adults (age-standardized)

  : 48.8 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 48.0 (2023)

• HIV prevalence (ages 15-49)

  : 0.2 % (2024)

• Physicians

  : 0.75 (2020)

• Hospital beds

  : 0.38 (2023)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 26.8 (2024)

Public finances

• Government expenditure

  : 52.5 % (2022)

• Fiscal balance

  : 1.6 % (2022)

• General government debt

  : 5.6 % (2022)

• Primary balance

  : -19.8 % (2022)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : -0.38 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : -0.90 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 4.07 (2015)

• Political stability

  : 0.53 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : -0.63 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -0.73 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : 0.35 (2024)

• Political regime

  : 2.00 (2025)

• Free and fair elections

  : 1.00 (2025)

Business

• Investment (gross fixed capital formation)

  : 27.0 % (2024)

• New business density

  : 2.34 (2022)

• Credit to the private sector

  : 15.3 % (2020)

• Inward foreign direct investment (amount)

  : 253.2 M$ (2025)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 83.6 % (2024)

• Gross national savings

  : -21.1 % (2024)