Tonga

Economy

• GDP

  : 679.2 M$ (2025)

• GDP per capita

  : 6547 $ (2025)

• GDP growth

  : 2.8 % (2025)

• GDP, PPP

  : 899.9 M$ (2025)

• GDP per capita, PPP

  : 8675 $ (2025)

• Price level (relative cost of living)

  : 0.72 (2023)

• Inflation

  : 5.6 % (2025)

• Unemployment

  : 2.0 % (2025)

• Youth unemployment (ages 15-24)

  : 6.0 % (2025)

• Exports

  : 16.9 % (2024)

• Imports

  : 60.7 % (2024)

• Trade balance (goods and services)

  : -283.5 M$ (2024)

• Current account balance

  : -6.7 % (2024)

• Total reserves

  : 412.7 M$ (2025)

• Foreign direct investment

  : -1.9 % (2024)

• Poverty rate

  : 0.4 % (2021)

• Agriculture

  : 18.6 % (2024)

• Industry

  : 17.7 % (2024)

• Services

  : 49.5 % (2024)

• Remittances received

  : 39.2 % (2024)

• Outward foreign direct investment

  : 0.2 % (2024)

Demographics

• Population

  : 103 742 (2025)

• Population growth

  : -0.4 % (2025)

• Net migration

  : -2 150 (2025)

• Population density

  : 145.3 (2023)

• Life expectancy

  : 73.1 yrs (2024)

• Fertility rate

  : 3.10 (2024)

• Birth rate

  : 23.0 (2024)

• Death rate

  : 6.44 (2024)

• Urban population

  : 21.2 % (2025)

• Rural population

  : 78.8 % (2025)

• Labor force

  : 33 628 (2025)

• Infant mortality (under one year)

  : 0.9 % (2023)

• Age dependency ratio

  : 73.1 % (2023)

• Share of women in the population

  : 52.8 % (2025)

Social

• Education expenditure

  : 5.3 % (2022)

• Health expenditure

  : 7.4 % (2023)

• Gini index

  : 27.1 (2021)

• Internet users

  : 67.4 % (2024)

• Mobile subscriptions

  : 61.7 (2022)

• Access to electricity

  : 100.0 % (2024)

• Access to basic drinking water

  : 98.9 % (2024)

• Median income

  : 11 $ (2021)

• Income share of the top 10%

  : 22.0 % (2021)

• Primary school completion

  : 98.4 % (2025)

• Mean years of schooling

  : 10.9 yrs (2023)

• Harmonised learning outcomes

  : 386.0 (2020)

• Labour force participation (ages 25-64)

  : 57.3 % (2025)

• Gender pay gap

  : 18.7 % (2023)

Defense

• Death rate from armed conflicts

  : 0.0 (2025)

Environment

• CO₂ per capita

  : 1.63 (2024)

• Renewable energy

  : 2.3 % (2022)

• Renewable electricity production

  : 14.2 % (2021)

• Energy consumption

  : 543.4 (2007)

• Forest area

  : 12.4 % (2023)

• Threatened bird species

  : 5.00 (2022)

• Threatened fish species

  : 29.0 (2022)

• Threatened mammal species

  : 2.00 (2022)

• Electricity from coal

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from gas

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from hydropower

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from nuclear

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Electricity from solar

  : 14.3 % (2024)

• Electricity from wind

  : 0.0 % (2024)

• Greenhouse gases per capita

  : 1.91 (2024)

• Greenhouse gases (total)

  : 198 535 (2024)

• Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5)

  : 3.80 (2024)

• Forest area (absolute)

  : 8.95 (2020)

Health

• DTP3 immunization coverage

  : 99.0 % (2024)

• Measles immunization coverage

  : 99.0 % (2024)

• Under-five mortality

  : 9.50 (2024)

• Maternal mortality ratio

  : 67.0 (2023)

• Non-communicable disease mortality (ages 30-70)

  : 26.9 % (2021)

• Hypertension prevalence (ages 30-79)

  : 46.8 % (2019)

• Adult obesity prevalence

  : 80.1 % (2022)

• Diabetes prevalence (ages 20-79)

  : 19.6 % (2024)

• Smoking prevalence, adults (age-standardized)

  : 32.1 % (2024)

• Universal health coverage

  : 71.0 (2023)

• Physicians

  : 1.01 (2021)

• Hospital beds

  : 2.48 (2010)

• Adolescent fertility (ages 15-19)

  : 25.1 (2024)

Public finances

• Government expenditure

  : 34.7 % (2023)

• Fiscal balance

  : 5.3 % (2023)

• General government debt

  : 45.4 % (2022)

• Primary balance

  : -0.2 % (2022)

Governance

• Control of corruption

  : -0.40 (2024)

• Government effectiveness

  : -0.04 (2024)

• Intentional homicides

  : 0.95 (2019)

• Political stability

  : 1.25 (2024)

• Rule of law

  : 0.69 (2024)

• Regulatory quality

  : -0.19 (2024)

• Voice and accountability

  : 0.82 (2024)

Business

• Investment (gross fixed capital formation)

  : 26.2 % (2024)

• New business density

  : 0.70 (2024)

• Credit to the private sector

  : 39.2 % (2020)

• Non-performing bank loans

  : 3.7 % (2020)

• Inward foreign direct investment (amount)

  : -12.1 M$ (2024)

Consumption

• Household consumption

  : 96.2 % (2024)

• Gross national savings

  : 18.5 % (2024)